
On April 12, 2023, the Department of Law at Cihan Sulaymaniyah-University hosted a seminar for Assistant Lecturer Mahmoud Sheikh Wahab. The seminar, titled ‘The Differentiation of Duration between the Two Legislative Councils in a Federal State and Its Causes’, was a thought-provoking discussion on the reasons for the difference between the upper and lower legislative councils.
During the seminar, Sheikh Wahab highlighted the importance of the difference in the period of representation and its positive impact on constitutional legitimacy, public scrutiny, and the involvement of experienced council members. He emphasized that the difference in the period of representation is a crucial factor in achieving the higher interests of the country.
To reinforce his argument, Sheikh Wahab gave examples of countries that apply a bicameral system in federal states such as the United States of America and non-federal states such as Switzerland. These examples helped to illustrate the benefits of having two legislative councils with different periods of representation












